Condorcet's jury theorem

Condorcet's jury theorem states that given two alternative decision of which one is correct. If the average probability of voters to arrive at the correct decision is more than 50% the more voters are added to the sample the more likely the correct decision is made. On the other hand, if the average probability to vote correctly is less than 50%, the more voters the less likely a correct outcome.

The limitations are correctly discussed on the Wiki page and the mathematical model of democratic election add its own perspective [Error: Wrong macro arguments: "1674" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] , I feel a historical perspective is worth mentioning here.

Condorcet's jury theorem	My model calculations
Deals with two distinct states only true and false	Considers a whole spectrum of capabilities
Makes claims about the outcome if the probability of a correct decision is less or more than 0.5	Considers a random function of probabilities. The value of this function is defined by an individual's own capabilities

In summary the model provided by the above mentioned publication offers a generalization of Condorcet's jury theorem.

Historical Implications

Condorcet's theorem (1785) played a pivotal role in establishing majority decisions as a tool to improve political decision making. As his theorem proved that a jury is more likely to find the right decision compared to a single person, this theorem served as a mathematical prove for the necessity of he French Revolution (1789–1799) that that removed the rule of a few aristocrats and established a democratic rule of the people in place of it. My model serves the same purpose. It also demonstrates that a democratic election is superior to just a single aristocrat's decision, as it always ensures a slightly better than average decision maker, which does not hold true for an aristocrat who inherited his position and who definitely can be more stupid than average.

Today we realize that democratic elections are far from optimal. Not only the political decision makers tend to please their voter by exaggerated gifts, but also the election process itself becomes a target of manipulation and fraud. Therefore my model has been developed to mathematically explain all these pitfalls to help preventing them.

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Adaptation Definition

Adaptation is a reversible process. Appearance and/or function are changed in respons to environmental changes. The aim is to improve survival, or (more generally spoken) function. If the process of adaptation itself is improved that is it goes faster, less imprecise, and less resource consuming, then we call that process evolution.

The currently prevailing theory of natural selection is mostly concerned with genetic adaptation. By that misuse the borders between the terms evolution and adaptation are blurred.

Evolution Definition

Evolution is an automatic process in nature that improves adaptability and concomitantly leads to increasing complexity.

This definition significantly differs from the one presently used in evolutionary biology, which is almost identical to adaptation. As a matter of fact, genetic adaptation is called evolution throughout the most part of literature on evolution. Fauceir theory makes a sharp distinction between evolution and adaptation. Evolution involves progress, while adaptation is generally reversible within the limits of imprecision.

While developing fauceir theory, I mused whether it is useful to create a new term for a process that results in advancements, but I decided otherwise. For two reasons.

1. The common usage of evolution in science, technology, society, and almost everywhere else in our universe signifies progress or improvement.
2. The pioneers of evolutionary theory (Spencer[Error: Wrong macro arguments: "10241" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] , Wallace[Error: Wrong macro arguments: "10705" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] , Darwin[Error: Wrong macro arguments: "10703" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] , and Haeckel[Error: Wrong macro arguments: "10710" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] ) were well aware that evolution is progress as living creatures evolved from the most primitive unicellular organisms to socializing primates.

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Fauceir Definition

Fauceir is an acronym of functional abstract unit controlling evolutionary information recovery. It was necessary to define this term to describe process and mechanism of evolution.

A fauceir encompasses both system and information.

//Programmer:// If familiar with object orientated programming, you may think of a fauceir as of an object. Fauceirs share many properties with objects they contain both functionality and data, have a limited time span, and inheritance. Fauceir theory analyses and describes the universe as being represented by an infinite number of such fauceirs. Fauceir research is kind of back engineering nature.

//Physicist:// If familiar with quantum mechanics you will probably understand fauceir as a quantum. In fact, quantum is a fauceir but not vice versa unless you further abstract the term quantum.

//Biologist:// If familiar with evolutionary biology you simply turn to a fauceir as if it were a population. In fact, the population has been the first fauceir described to exhibit evolutionary properties.

//Economis:// The reproduction cycle is an abstract unit used in economics. It has some resemblance to a fauceir although the theory of reproduction assumes several idealizations, constrains that deviate from reality. That is why the theory of reproduction fails to explain the currently most pressing economic phenomena as ecocide and sustainability, monopolization and competition, unemployment and liberty.

This video, admittedly a bit homiletic, gives a comprehensive instruction.

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Levtence

Levtent is an adjective that describes a fauceir that is reluctant to evolve and rather evades all control mechanisms that would force it to improve adaption. Levtent fauceirs are rather inclined to adapt or even cheat and by that token are liable to evolve into parasites.

Etymology

Levtent is an artificial word. I invented it in my youth to characterize people who I felt were not curious enough, fellows that preferred an easy life to more challenging adventures. The term was originally devtired, made from developmentally tiered (which is a typicall German construction translated into English. That time, I did understand yet neither the difference between the English terms development and evolution, ontogeny and phylogeny, nor the meaning of tiredness, reluctance, and laziness). Anyway devtired was difficult to pronounce in German context as it contains unusual vovels, so I changed it to levtent. At least in German pronounciation it sounds somehow alike.

Synonyms

Now more familiar with languages I certainly know that there exist several terms in several languages that can be used in different context. From Merriam-Webster's thesaurus, I extracted these words:

That are mostly related to human behavior.

Antonym

Levtence is not a property limited to human fauceirs, I propose using levtent as an abstract technical term applicable to all fauceirs. As an antonym, questy (questly adverb, questness noun) may serve, which I derived from Charles Pasternak's book that describes human quest as an inborn drive to conquer new territories in land, science, knowledge, resources, and nearly all fauceirs that can be mastered [Error: Wrong macro arguments: "11878" for macro 'ref' (maybe wrong macro tag syntax?)] .

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